Cervical Cap (Barrier)Intrauterine System (IUS)
An intrauterine system is a contraceptive device that contains the female hormone progestin. It is placed inside your uterus (womb) by a doctor to prevent pregnancy. The IUS is a small T-shaped frame with a cylinder containing the hormone levonorgestrel, which it slowly releases over time. It does not contain estrogen. The hormone in the IUS thickens the mucous in your cervix to create a barrier for sperm to get through and thins the lining of your uterus to make it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant. It is approximately 99% effective in preventing pregnancy.
Advantages:
- Once the IUS is in place, you don’t have to worry about birth control for several years. The IUS needs to be replaced every 5 years.
- It is safe and discreet.
- Over time it becomes one of the most cost effective methods of contraception because you only have to purchase it once every 5 years. However, it initially costs more than the IUD.
- The hormone in the IUS can reduce cramping and bleeding during your period and may over time eliminate your period entirely. If this happens your period will eventually return once the IUS is removed.
Disadvantages:
- For the first 6 months or so you may experience breakthrough bleeding (bleeding between periods) or spotting. You may lose your period entirely while the IUS is in your body (this is an advantage for some women and a disadvantage for others)
- You may be uncomfortable with the idea of having a foreign object in your body.
- There is an increased risk of getting Pelvic Inflammatory Disease only if you contract certain sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia or gonorrhea.
- It does not protect you against sexually transmitted infections.
You must regularly check that your IUS is in place by feeling in your vagina for the thread hanging outside your cervix. You can have an IUS removed at any time.
Updated July 3, 2008
