Cervical Cap (Barrier)Intrauterine Device (IUD)
An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small piece of plastic with copper wrapped around it that is placed inside your uterus (womb) by a doctor to prevent pregnancy. The IUD prevents sperm from fertilizing an egg. If the sperm does fertilize the egg, the IUD prevents it from implanting in the uterus. It is approximately 99% effective.
Advantages:
- Once the IUD is in place, you don’t have to worry about birth control for several years. The IUDs available in Canada need to be replaced every 5 years. Some IUDs that are available in other countries can stay in for up to 12 years.
- It is safe and discreet.
- Over time it becomes one of the most cost effective methods of contraception because you only have to purchase one every 5 years.
- It can be used as emergency contraception up to 7 days after unprotected sex. When used in this way it called post coidal insertion. The IUD can either be taken out again or stay in for up to 5 years.
Disadvantages:
- Side effects can include cramping in the first 24 hours after insertion, and heavier blood flow and stronger cramping during your periods. It is possible for your uterus to expel the IUD, especially within the first year of insertion.
- You may be uncomfortable with the idea of having a foreign object in your body.
- There is an increased risk of getting Pelvic Inflammatory Disease only if you contract a sexually transmitted infection like chlamydia or gonorrhea.
- It does not protect you against sexually transmitted infections.
You must regularly check that your IUD is in place by feeling in your vagina for the thread hanging outside your cervix. You can have an IUD removed at any time. Once it has been removed, you can become pregnant immediately.
Updated July 3, 2008
